A joint Mars exploration programme with ESA.
ExoMars is a joint programme between ESA and Roscosmos focused on exploring Mars and searching for signs of past or present life. Roscosmos contributed launch services and hardware, including Proton rockets and elements for landers and future missions.
The programme includes the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and plans for a rover to drill beneath the Martian surface, where biosignatures may be better preserved.
Agencies: ESA & Roscosmos
Focus: Mars atmosphere, surface, and potential biosignatures
ExoMars highlights how Mars exploration often combines the strengths of multiple space agencies: launch vehicles, orbiter design, landing technologies, and science instruments from different nations.